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III Speciale COVID-19 - Updated Overview for Emergency Clinicians
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AUTHORS
Al Giwa, LLB, MD, MBA, FACEP, FAAEM
Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
Akash Desai, MDIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
Andrea Duca, MD
Department of Emergency Medicine, Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
- QUESTI AGGIORNAMENTI SONO GIA' DISPONIBILI NELL'AREA RISERVATA DEL SITO PER TUTTI GLI ABBONATI NELLA SEZIONE 'LE TUE RIVISTE'
- PER LEGGERE L'INTERO ARTICOLO SCARICANDO IL PDF E' NECESSARIO PROCEDERE CLICCANDO SUL PULSANTE ACQUISTA (A PREZZO €0). NESSUN COSTO SARA' ADDEBITATO
- AUTENTICARSI CON LE PROPRIE CREDENZIALI SE SI POSSIEDE GIA' UN ACCOUNT
- DIVERSAMENTE E' NECESSARIO REGISTRARSI SUL SITO
- SELEZIONARE BONIFICO COME MODALITA' DI PAGAMENTO, QUINDI CLICCARE SU CONFERMA IL TUO ORDINE. A QUESTO PUNTO LA PROCEDURA E' CONCLUSA
- ENTRO 24 ore lavorative IL PDF VERRA' VISUALIZZATO NELLA PROPRIA AREA PERSONALE (SEZIONE 'LE TUE RIVISTE') DEL SITO CGEMS.IT
Novel 2019 Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): An Updated Overview for Emergency Clinicians
Key Points
- The current case fatality rate of COVID-19 is approximately 4%, though sampling error may be large. While this would make SARS-CoV-2 the least deadly of the 3 most pathogenic human coronaviruses, its relative virulence has shown an ability to overwhelm even relatively advanced health infrastructures, as noted by a current case fatality rate in Italy of 8.37% as of March 18, 2020.
- Based on data from China, 29% of the confirmed COVID-19 patients are healthcare professionals, and 12% are hospitalized patients, suggesting an alarming 41% rate of nosocomial spread.
- Recent data from the CDC suggests younger patients (20-44 years of age) are not as immune to significant disease as previously reported and have up to a 20% hospitalization rate; however, children aged < 18 years are generally spared from significant morbidity or mortality.
- Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are less frequently discussed, but new data suggest almost half of patients in a Chinese study had diarrhea, and the presence of GI symptoms was associated with worse disease outcome.
- In preparation for the arrival of patients suffering from COVID-19, emergency departments (EDs), hospitals, and healthcare systems should make immediate and necessary structural and process changes to prepare for high volumes of patients, primarily in respiratory distress, who will require mechanical support.
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